Journal:

Article Title: Isolation and Antifungal and Antioomycete Activities of Aerugine Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain MM-B16

doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.4.2023-2031.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: MICs of aerugine from P. fluorescens strain MM-B16 as determined by the microtiter broth dilution method

Article Snippet: Among the 1,488 16S rDNA nucleotides of strain MM-B16 (GenBank accession number AY196702 ), 1,486 were identical to those of P. fluorescens ATCC 17386 (GenBank accession number AF094726 ), indicating that the sequence similarity of the 16S rDNA of the two bacteria was 99.9%.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology

Article Title: Lactobacillus reuteri Surface Mucus Adhesins Upregulate Inflammatory Responses Through Interactions With Innate C-Type Lectin Receptors.

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00321

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 4 | L. reuteri mucus adhesins modulate moDC-mediated T-lymphocyte polarization. The T-cell activating and polarizing capacity of moDCs was monitored by activating moDCs with L. reuteri strains or LPS followed by co-culture with T-cells. T corresponds to T-cells cultured without dendritic cells as negative control. The mean values of spot numbers were calculated from five independent experiments + SD. The number of cytokine-producing T-lymphocytes induced by LPS or moDCs exposed to L. reuteri strains was measured by ELISPOT assays for IFNγ (A) and IL-17 (B). Statistical differences were analyzed by Student’s t-test, with significance defined as ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: MoDCs activated by the ATCC PTA 6475 or ATCC 53608 wild-type strains induced IFNγ secretion by T-lymphocytes (Figure 4A) and resulted in increased IL-17 production (Figure 4B), as compared to the immature moDC:Tcell co-cultures.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Cell Culture, Negative Control, Enzyme-linked Immunospot

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology

Article Title: Lactobacillus reuteri Surface Mucus Adhesins Upregulate Inflammatory Responses Through Interactions With Innate C-Type Lectin Receptors.

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00321

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 5 | Purified MUB protein triggers CD83 expression and induces Th1 polarized immune responses. Increasing concentrations of purified MUB was used to activate 2-day moDC cultures. LPS was used as a positive control. Cells were activated for 24 h and the cell surface expression of CD83 (A) and the co-stimulatory molecule CD80 (B) was measured by flow cytometry. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) and the ratio of CD83 positive cells were calculated from three independent experiments + SD. Histogram overlays are shown for one independent experiment (C). Production of inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and the regulatory cytokine IL-10 in the supernatants of moDCs was detected after 24 h by ELISA. Mean values of cytokine concentrations were calculated from 3 independent experiments + SD (D). Freshly isolated PBLs were co-cultured with autologous moDCs for 4 days. The number of cytokine-producing PBLs in response to LPS as control or MUB-exposed human moDCs was measured by IFNγ ELISPOT assay. Mean values of spot numbers were calculated from 3 independent experiments ± SD (E). Statistical differences were analyzed by Student’s t-test, with significance defined as ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: MoDCs activated by the ATCC PTA 6475 or ATCC 53608 wild-type strains induced IFNγ secretion by T-lymphocytes (Figure 4A) and resulted in increased IL-17 production (Figure 4B), as compared to the immature moDC:Tcell co-cultures.

Techniques: Expressing, Positive Control, Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Cell Culture, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunospot

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology

Article Title: Lactobacillus reuteri Surface Mucus Adhesins Upregulate Inflammatory Responses Through Interactions With Innate C-Type Lectin Receptors.

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00321

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 7 | The molecular background of bacterial MUB adhesin – moDC interaction causing inflammation and T-lymphocyte polarization. (A) MUB immobilized on a microtiter plate was incubated with 2-day moDC cultures treated with anti-Dectin-2 or anti-DC-SIGN antibodies. Unlabeled (ctrl) moDCs incubated on MUB-coated and uncoated wells served as negative and positive controls, respectively. The production of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines was measured by ELISA after 24 h. Mean value of cytokine concentrations was calculated from 5 independent experiments + SD. (B) MoDCs treated with anti-Dectin-2 or anti-DC-SIGN antibodies were co-cultured with live L. reuteri ATCC 53608 and 1063N strains for 1.5 h at 37◦C, respectively. Freshly isolated PBLs were co-cultured with autologous moDCs for 4 days. The number of cytokine-producing T-cells was measured by IFNγ ELISPOT assay. Mean values of spot numbers were calculated from 5 independent experiments + SD. T corresponds to T-cells cultured without dendritic cells as negative control. Statistical differences were analyzed by Student’s t-test, with significance defined as ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: MoDCs activated by the ATCC PTA 6475 or ATCC 53608 wild-type strains induced IFNγ secretion by T-lymphocytes (Figure 4A) and resulted in increased IL-17 production (Figure 4B), as compared to the immature moDC:Tcell co-cultures.

Techniques: Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture, Isolation, Enzyme-linked Immunospot, Negative Control